Single Pilot Operations (SPO) regulatory certification in cargo aviation
#1EASA published its SPO concept paper in 2020 and has been running the INSPIRE research program with airlines including Lufthansa and Air France to develop the certification basis for single-pilot transport operations. The FAA's MOSART (Multi-Crew Pilot License / Single Pilot Operations Aviation Rulemaking) working group has been meeting since 2022. Both agencies have explicitly targeted initial cargo certification as the proving ground, with passenger SPO positioned as a subsequent phase. Industry consortium SESAR has allocated €80M to SPO enabling technology research under the Clean Aviation program.